Four Classes of Planetary Systems

Artist impression of the four classes of planetary system architecture. A new architecture framework allows researchers to study an entire planetary system at the systems level. If the small planets within a system are close to the star and massive planets further away, such systems have ‘Ordered’ architecture. Conversely, if the mass of the planets in a system tends to decrease with distance to the star these systems are ‘Anti-Ordered’. If all planets in a system have similar masses, then the architecture of this system is ‘Similar’. ‘Mixed’ planetary systems are those in which the planetary masses show large variations. Research suggests that planetary systems which have the same architecture class have common formation pathways...
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‘Lego-like’ Universal Connector makes Assembling Stretchable Devices a snap

'Lego-like' universal connector developed by NTU Singapore scientists makes assembling stretchable devices a snap
The BIND interface (biphasic, nano-dispersed interface) makes assembly of stretchable devices simple while offering excellent mechanical and electrical performance. Credit: NTU Singapore

An international team led by researchers from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) has developed a universal connector to assemble stretchable devices simply and quickly, in a “Lego-like” manner.

Stretchable devices including soft robots and wearable healthcare devices are assembled using several different modules with different material characteristics—some soft, some rigid, and some encapsulated.

However, the commercial pastes (glue), currently used to connect the modules often either fail to transmit mechanical and electrical signals reliably when deformed or break eas...

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Scientists find First Evidence that Black Holes are the Source of Dark Energy

NGC524.jpg
​NGC 524 is a galaxy in the constellation Pisces, and is one of the galaxies observed in this study. It is at a distance of about 90 million light years away from Earth. Credit: ESA/Hubble​

Observations of supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies point to a likely source of dark energy—the ‘missing’ 70% of the universe.

The measurements from ancient and dormant galaxies show black holes growing more than expected, aligning with a phenomenon predicted in Einstein’s theory of gravity. The result potentially means nothing new has to be added to our picture of the universe to account for dark energy: black holes combined with Einstein’s gravity are the source.

The conclusion was reached by a team of 17 researchers in nine countries, led by the University of Hawai’i a...

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Researcher identifies Potential Cause of ‘Long COVID’

Woman Coughing | Long COVID | CU School of Medicine | Brent Palmer, PhD

Even though the COVID-19 public health emergency classification will expire this spring, the lingering effects of the pandemic remain. A constant puzzle to solve since the first year of the pandemic has been “long COVID,” a condition in which those infected with the virus have symptoms that linger months or even years after they have cleared the initial infection.

“Long COVID is estimated to affect one out of every five people who get COVID,” says Brent Palmer, Ph.D., associate professor of allergy and clinical immunology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine. “It’s described as persistent symptoms that last longer than four weeks post-initial infection. Those symptoms can include chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, brain fog, and fatigue.”

The virus that lingers
P...

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